Brainstem respiratory control: substrates of respiratory failure of multiple system atrophy.

摘要: Multiple system atrophy may manifest with severe respiratory disorders, including sleep apnea and laryngeal stridor, which reflect a failure of automatic control respiration. This function depends on pontomedullary network interconnected neurons located in the parabrachial/Kolliker Fuse nucleus pons, solitary tract, ventrolateral medulla. Neurons preBotzinger complex expressing neurokinin-1 receptors are critically involved rhythmogenesis, whereas serotonergic medullary raphe glutamatergic close to ventral surface central chemosensitivity hypercapnia, hypoxia, or both. Pathological studies using selective neurochemical markers indicate that these neuronal groups affected multiple atrophy. finding provide potential anatomical substrates for manifestations disease.