Co-defining program success: Identifying objectives and indicators for a livestock damage compensation scheme at Kruger National Park, South Africa

摘要: Abstract Wildlife damage compensation schemes have been used worldwide as a mechanism to mitigate human–wildlife conflicts. These had mixed success due number of factors, including lack shared understanding the problem and how monitor evaluate effectiveness. The long history damage-causing animals (DCAs) which exit Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, inflicting on persons property, increasing risk disease transfer between wildlife livestock, seriously undermining livelihoods local communities, remains contentious issue. As partial response within strategic adaptive management framework, park its larger governing body, SANParks, negotiated scheme with entails financial retribution given farmers who previously lost livestock DCAs originating from park. A corollary will see paid valid claims commencing 2014. Here we present findings novel study undertaken KNP staff, farmers, others co-identify potential indicators an objective-based participatory monitoring evaluation program for scheme. Based multi-method approach, wide array goals objectives were articulated In addition, 88 generated measures change. This suite is both qualitative quantitative in nature and, if adopted whole or part, would enlist involvement broad range stakeholders. first step at consolidating these are presented, based information sources, methodological tools, institutions responsible monitoring.