Immunopathological mechanisms of eosinophilic oesophagitis

摘要: Abstract Background Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EO) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oesophagus, with an emergent character, defined by presence dense infiltrate eosinophilic leukocytes restricted to mucosa this organ after excluding gastro-oesophageal acid reflux. It manifested and/or recurrent dysphagia and episodes oesophageal alimentary impaction, great variation in terms intensity, frequency, duration attacks. Methods An Internet-based search was performed for most recent articles relevant information concerning immunopathological mechanisms involved EO. Results Bibliographical data allow us define that EO related allergic or hypersensitivity-induced reaction exposure foods inhalants, increased prevalence sensitisation these allergens. Data published up now suggest cellular hypersensitivity rather than humoral one physiopathology In disease, sensitised T-lymphocytes mediate Th2 type response, releasing cytokines such as IL-5, possible Th1 component requires further investigation. The function abundant CD8+ present epithelium has yet be explained. Mast cells also participate epithelial EO, it still unknown if its activation, mainly through IgE, contributes immunopathology even though rarely manifests immediate reactions. IL-5 different forms eotaxins perform important active role recruitment eosinophils oesophagus. Conclusions immunologically complex little studied entity associated other diseases which effector participate, determining immunological response reaction. available point out disorder retarded immune triggering factor might not IgE. Although final phenomena observed are common patients, cascade mediators lead them identical all cases, morphological functional disorders would represent convergence activation inflammation.