Effectiveness of Music Education for the Improvement of Reading Skills and Academic Achievement in Young Poor Readers: A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial

摘要: INTRODUCTION: Difficulties in word-level reading skills are prevalent Brazilian schools and may deter children from gaining the knowledge obtained through academic achievement. Music education has emerged as a potential method to improve because due common neurobiological substratum. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effectiveness of music for improvement achievement among (eight 10 years age) with difficulties. METHOD: 235 difficulties participated five-month, randomized clinical trial cluster (RCT) an impoverished zone within city Sao Paulo test effects intervention while assessing during school year. Five were chosen randomly incorporate classes (n = 114), five served controls (n = 121). Two different methods analysis used intervention: The standard was intention-to-treat (ITT), other Complier Average Causal Effect (CACE) estimation method, which took compliance status into account. RESULTS: ITT analyses not very promising; only one marginal effect existed rate correct real words read per minute. Indeed, considering ITT, improvements observed secondary outcomes (slope Portuguese = 0.21 [p<0.001] slope math = 0.25 [p<0.001]). As CACE (i.e., complier versus non-complier children), more promising terms minute [β = 13.98, p<0.001] phonological awareness [β = 19.72, well (academic Portuguese [β = 0.77, p<0.0001] math [β = 0.49, throughout year). CONCLUSION: results be seen promising, but they not, themselves, enough make lessons public policy.