The newer macrolides: azithromycin and clarithromycin.

摘要: Erythromycin, the first macrolide antibiotic discovered, has been used since early 1950s for treatment of upper respiratory tract and skin soft-tissue infections caused by susceptible organisms, especially in penicillin allergic patient. Additionally, erythromycin is effective due to some intracellular pathogens, including species Legionella, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia. Several drawbacks, however, have limited use erythromycin, frequent gastrointestinal intolerance a short serum half-life. Newer antimicrobials synthesized altering base resulting compounds with improved pharmacokinetics, extended spectrum activity, fewer side effects. In 1991 1992, Food Drug Administration (FDA) approved two these agents, clarithromycin azithromycin, clinical use. This article reviews antimicrobial use, adverse effects agents. The either mycobacterial or parasitic not discussed.