Digital metering feedback and changes in water consumption - a review.

摘要: Abstract This review paper investigates the way information is provided to customers through use of digital water metering and customer engagement, its impact on consumption. A 25 published detailed water-use feedback studies was undertaken, along with interviews five utilities located internationally practical experience in rollouts. The results revealed mean savings across all 5.5%, within 10th–90th-percentile envelope 3.0%–8.0% (excluding extreme outliers). range found vary each various parameters investigated, no single intervention approach clearly standing out as best practice. With large scale rollouts, for which little literature available, it typically difficult attribute programs alone, since other factors may have influenced outcomes, are account or were not included literature. To better understand evaluate a program, optimise operation, well-designed evaluation related implementation plan should be considered conjunction rollout. Discrete interventions monitored against control group (or groups) assess uptake, response persistence over time (of both uptake savings), order refine program business case period.