The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Bipolar Disorder: Moving Towards Precision Medicine

摘要: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common and disabling psychiatric condition with severe socioeconomic impact. BD treated mood stabilizers, among which lithium represents the first-line treatment. Lithium alone or in combination effective 60% of chronically patients, but response remains heterogenous large number patients require change therapy after several weeks months. Many studies have so far tried to identify molecular genetic markers that could help us predict stabilizers or risk for adverse drug reactions. Pharmacogenetic BD have been most part focused on lithium, complexity variability response phenotype, together unclear mechanism action limited power these robust biomarkers. Recent pharmacogenomic provided promising findings, suggesting integration genome-wide investigations deep phenotyping, silico analyses machine learning lead closer personalized treatments BD. Nevertheless, date none genes suggested by pharmacogenetic stabilizers included any tests approved Food Drug Administration (FDA) efficacy. On other hand, information has labels test safety carbamazepine valproate. In this review, we will outline available investigating pharmacogenetics pharmacogenomics specific focus limitations potential strategies overcome them. We also discuss FDA-approved commonly used management