Private meaning and comparison process in children's referential communication

摘要: This research expands on the study by Asher and Oden(1976), contests some of latter's results. Sixty-four subjects (32 from third grade 32 fifth), subsequently classified as good poor communicators, emitted one-word messages to an imaginary listener for 30 similar word pairs in which referent was underlined. Half these children 's emissions were later presented 64 encoders themselves adults, who tried identify referents. Findings revealed two explanations failure communicate referentially with others: communicators neglect comparing associative strength potential nonreferent; fact that both emit social private but not public meaning (addressed, adapted meaning, decoder). The second conclusion contradicted Oden Finally, a four-week delay between encoder decoder roles recommended.