HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.

摘要: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) affects roughly half the HIV-positive population. The symptoms of cognitive slowing, poor concentration, and memory problems can impact on everyday life. Its diagnosis is validated where possible by identifying deficits in two domains neuropsychologic testing patients either with or without symptoms. Corroborating evidence may be found imaging, blood tests, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, though sensitive specific biomarkers are currently lacking. introduction combined antiretroviral therapy 1990s has generated a therapeutic paradox whereby number severe cases HAND fallen, yet milder forms continue to rise prevalence. New emphasis been placed cause apparent ongoing HIV infection inflammation central nervous system (CNS) face durable systemic viral suppression, how this equates neuronal dysfunction underlying HAND. interaction aging comorbidities becoming increasingly common as population enters older adulthood, neurodegenerative, metabolic, vascular causes impairment combining probably accelerating context chronic infection. Therapies targeted CNS, but neurotoxic side-effects, being investigated attempt reduce likelihood developing, improving,