Cellular Action of Thyroid Hormone

摘要: Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate growth, development, metabolism. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular and cellular mechanism(s) for intracellular signaling by TH. At level, THs bind thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) that are members nuclear receptor family. TRs act as ligand-activated transcription factors their cognate response elements (TREs) in promoters target genes. gene employing TR-interacting protein complexes containing coactivators (CoAs) or corepressors (CoRs). Coactivator corepressor include histone modifying enzymes known acetyltransferases (HATs) deacetylases (HDACs), respectively, induce epigenetic changes chromatin structure enhance repress transcriptional efficiency RNA polymerase on TH-responsive also can mediate effects indirectly binding other activating cell cascades. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests may membrane proteins than activate pathways. The important role TH metabolism, has spawned interest pharmacological use its analogs/metabolites treatment metabolic diseases such hypercholestronemia, hypertriglycerimia obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).