RAD-QTL Mapping Reveals Both Genome-Level Parallelism and Different Genetic Architecture Underlying the Evolution of Body Shape in Lake Whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) Species Pairs

摘要: Parallel changes in body shape may evolve response to similar environmental conditions, but whether such parallel phenotypic share a common genetic basis is still debated. The goal of this study was assess could be explained by parallelism, multiple routes, or both. We first provide evidence for parallelism fish using geometric morphometrics among 300 representing five species pairs Lake Whitefish. Using map comprising 3438 restriction site−associated DNA sequencing single-nucleotide polymorphisms, we then identified quantitative trait loci underlying traits backcross family reared the laboratory. A total 138 were cross, thus revealing highly polygenic architecture Third, tested independent wild populations both single-locus method (outlier analysis) and approach (analysis covariation markers). provided limited parallelism. However, analysis revealed three lakes, which differed from two other lakes. These results routes evolution occupying ecological niches.