Counts of unique females with cubs in the Apennine brown bear population, 2006–2014
作者： Elisabetta Tosoni , Luigi Boitani , Gianluca Mastrantonio , Roberta Latini , Paolo Ciucci
DOI: 10.2192/URSU-D-16-00022.1
关键词: Small sample 、 Ursus 、 Population study 、 Geography 、 Adult female 、 Population 、 Small population size 、 Conservation status 、 Demography
摘要: Abstract Brown bears (Ursus arctos marsicanus) in the Apennines, central Italy, survive a precarious conservation status but reproductive performance of population has never been formally assessed. Each year, from 2006 to 2014, we conducted surveys females with cubs (FWC) estimate minimum number female that reproduced and annual productivity this bear population. We discriminated unique family groups based on simultaneity sightings, presence individually recognizable bears, ad hoc distance-based rules developed using Global Positioning System relocations 11 adult our study To true FWC counts, applied 2 estimators (Chao2, Capwire) known handle heterogeneity sighting probabilities relatively well at small sample sizes. Annually, estimated 1–6 ( = 3.9 ± 1.5 SD) tallied 3–11 7.4 3.0 No temporal trend was observed the...
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