Clinical techniques for diagnosing cardiovascular abnormalities in performance horses

摘要: Abstract Horses are frequently evaluated at referral institutions for poor exercise performance. Although the musculoskeletal and respiratory systems more common causes of reduced athletic ability, cardiovascular system is also an important cause, horses with cardiac disease often present a vague complaint intolerance. Determination contribution abnormalities to decreased ability may be difficult, as have high percentage murmurs dysrhythmias that not influence However, they paroxysmal or exercise-induced dysfunction decreases output, thus resting examinations (physical exam auscultation, electrocardiography, echocardiography) will detect overt disease, part exam, test crucial in detection dysfunction. The high-speed treadmill has revolutionized our evaluate these horses. Exercising electrocardiography used heart rhythm during exercise, while functional evaluation echocardiography restricted immediate post-exercise period. In future, measurement exercising ventricular pressure dynamics output provide useful information selected cases.