Oncolytic viral therapy using reovirus.

摘要: Current mainstays in cancer treatment such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal manipulation, and even targeted therapies Trastuzumab (herceptin) for breast or Iressa (gefitinib) non-small cell lung among others are limited by lack of efficacy, cellular resistance, toxicity. Dose escalation combination designed to overcome resistance increase efficacy a narrow therapeutic index. Oncolytic viruses one group new biological therapeutics that appears have wide spectrum anticancer activity with minimal human Since the malignant phenotype tumors is culmination multiple mutations occur genes eventually leading aberrant signaling pathways, oncolytic either natural engineered specifically target tumor cells taking advantage this abnormal their replication. Reovirus naturally occurring double-stranded RNA virus exploits altered pathways (including Ras) myriad cancers. The ability reovirus infect lyse under vitro, vivo, ex vivo conditions has been well documented previously us others. major mechanism oncolysis shown through apoptosis autophagy place during process certain In addition, synergistic antitumor effects chemotherapy also demonstrated resistant moderately sensitive tumors. Recent progress our understanding viral immunology microenvironment diverted interest exploring immunologic mechanisms exhibited chemotherapeutic drugs cancer. Thus, currently several investigations focusing on immune potentiating maximal targeting. This chapter therefore concentrated death induction novel approach therapy used vitro conditions, clinical setting. phase I trials indications II/III ongoing at present. Reovirus's extensive preclinical replication competency, low toxicity profile humans placed it an attractive testing highlighted chapter.