Pee-dots: biocompatible fluorescent carbon dots derived from the upcycling of urine

摘要: We have demonstrated an easy, economic, one-step synthetic route to water-soluble fluorescent carbon dots derived from the thermal upcycling of urine. These “pee-dots” (PDs), which primarily comprise hydrophile-decorated amorphous carbon, exhibit bright, stable, excitation wavelength dependent fluorescence in aqueous solution and are shown be useful nanoscale labels cell imaging applications. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrate that these PDs benign toward model lines, even at concentrations as high 500 μg mL−1. Notably, this approach converts otherwise useless, negatively-valued byproduct human life into a value-added product while simultaneously pasteurizing waste stream. The reported proved effective nanoprobes for fluorescence-based detection heavy metal ions environmental concern, particularly Cu2+ Hg2+ were found strong quenchers their fluorescence. Interestingly, optical properties dimensions direct reflection diet (e.g., vitamin C or asparagus (sulfur) fortified) followed by urine donor.