Acetaldehyde, Motivation and Stress: Behavioral Evidence of an Addictive ménage à trois.

摘要: Acetaldehyde contributes to alcohol’s psychoactive effects through its own rewarding properties. Recent studies shed light on the behavioral correlates of acetaldehyde administration and possible interactions with key neurotransmitters for motivation, reward stress-related response, such as dopamine endocannabinoids. This mini review critically examines properties, focusing investigations able unveil motivational their pharmacological modulation in vivo. Similarly alcohol, rats spontaneously drink acetaldehyde, whose presence is detected brain following chronic self-administration paradigm. properties are demonstrated by operant paradigms tailored model several drug-related behaviors, induction maintenance self-administration, extinction, relapse punishment resistance. Acetaldehyde-related addictive-like behaviors sensitive manipulations endocannabinoid signaling. Interestingly, acetaldehyde-dopamine-endocannabinoids relationship also neuroplastic alterations NPYergic system, a peptide involved alcohol abuse. The understanding menage-a-trois among reward- circuits holds promising potential development novel approaches aimed at reducing