A vaccine for HIV type 1: The antibody perspective

摘要: Antibodies that bind well to the envelope spikes of immunodeficiency viruses such as HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and simian virus (SIV) can offer protection or benefit if present at appropriate concentrations before viral exposure. The challenge in antibody-based HIV-1 vaccine design is elicit antibodies involved transmission humans (primary viruses). At least two major obstacles exist. first very little spike surface primary appears accessible for antibody binding (low antigenicity), probably because oligomerization constituent proteins a high degree glycosylation one proteins. second mature oligomer constituting stimulate only weak responses immunogenicity). Viral variation another possible obstacle fewer problems than anticipated. Vaccine should focus on presentation an intact oligomer, increasing immunogenicity learning from available potently neutralize viruses.