Metformin in colorectal cancer: molecular mechanism, preclinical and clinical aspects

摘要: Growing evidence showed the increased prevalence of cancer incidents, particularly colorectal cancer, among type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. Antidiabetic medications such as, insulin, sulfonylureas, dipeptyl peptidase (DPP) 4 inhibitors and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GLP-1) analogues additional risk different cancers to Conversely, metformin has drawn attention physicians researchers since its use as antidiabetic drug exhibited beneficial effect in prevention treatment patients well an independent anticancer drug. This review aims provide comprehensive information on at preclinical clinical stages We highlight efficacy anti-proliferative, chemopreventive, apoptosis inducing agent, adjuvant, radio-chemosensitizer various models. multifarious effects is largely attributed capability modulating upstream downstream molecular targets involved apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle, oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolic homeostasis, epigenetic regulation. Moreover, highlights intake based epidemiologic results from gender specific population background non-diabetic The improved understanding a potential chemotherapeutic or neo-adjuvant will better for it be used globally affordable, well-tolerated, effective agent cancer.