The biogeography of Gentoo Penguins (Pygoscelis papua)

摘要: Gentoo Penguins (Pygoscelis papua (J.R. Forster 1781)) are defined morphologically as a single species with northern and southern subspecies. Differences in nuptial displays particularly mating calls, however, suggest isolation among island archipelagos of different ocean basins. We thus asked whether genetic divergence populations could be con- firmed using molecular markers. A phylogenetic tree was constructed from sample 110 58 haplo- types the control region mitochondrial DNA. Reanalyses historical data on morphology were conducted to construct additional trees for comparison. In agreement differences that based DNA showed deep division between Indian Atlantic oceans. The current systematic into two subspecies not supported. oceans great enough justify taxonomic revision, at least three distinct clades: respective sub-Antarctic Antarctic zones Ocean, deeply divergent unnamed third clade Ocean. contrast more pelagic like Rockhopper (Eudyptes chrysocome Forster, 1781)), restricted coastal foraging ranges distances isolated oceanic archi- pelagos explain distribution genetically differentiated populations.