Copper and zinc recycling in Australia: potential quantities and policy options

作者: D. van Beers , A. Kapur , T.E. Graedel

DOI: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2006.06.023

关键词: Natural resource economicsUrban infrastructureDiscardsResource managementResource policyResidenceCopperZincEngineering

摘要: Abstract This paper presents relevant data for industry and governmental policy makers with the aim of increasing recycling rate end-of-life copper zinc in Australia a technically economically feasible way. The methodology used to quantify spatially distribute flows is based on existing anticipated in-use stocks, their residence times, historical future evolution. currently (ca. 2000) generates about 72 Gg/year 57 Gg/year zinc, respectively. Some 70% all discarded 40% generated are being recycled. A detailed assessment shows that 75% material comes from three states New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland. In Australia, 70–75% waste urban areas. Residential applications account (copper) 60% (zinc) discards; commercial industrial remainder. By 2030, discard predicted increase by 105% 155%, 150 Gg Cu/year 145 Gg Zn/year, providing substantially increased opportunities recovery re-use. Priority targets improvement buildings under renovation, infrastructure, transportation sector, also consumer business durables. Urban centres particularly attractive locations facilities, especially Perth Adelaide.

参考文章(15)
Stephen E. Kesler, Adam C. Simon, Mineral Resources, Economics, and the Environment ,(1994)
D. van Beers, M. Bertram, K. Fuse, S. Spatari, T.E. Graedel, The contemporary Oceania zinc cycle: one-year stocks and flows Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. ,vol. 6, pp. 125- 141 ,(2004) , 10.1007/S10163-003-0111-9
Olivier Bomsel, The recycling of non-ferrous metals Resources Policy. ,vol. 23, pp. 208- ,(1997) , 10.1016/S0301-4207(97)00024-X
L. Sörme, B. Bergbäck, U. Lohm, GOODS IN THE ANTHROPOSPHERE AS A METAL EMISSION SOURCE A Case Study of Stockholm, Sweden Water Air and Soil Pollution. ,vol. 1, pp. 213- 227 ,(2001) , 10.1023/A:1017516523915
Amit Kapur, The future of the red metal—scenario analysis Futures. ,vol. 37, pp. 1067- 1094 ,(2005) , 10.1016/J.FUTURES.2005.02.011
Ray D. Peterson, Larry G. Twidwell, Recycling of metals and engineered materials JOM. ,vol. 48, pp. 43- 44 ,(1996) , 10.1007/BF03222890
T. E. Graedel, D. van Beers, M. Bertram, K. Fuse, R. B. Gordon, A. Gritsinin, A. Kapur, R. J. Klee, R. J. Lifset, L. Memon, H. Rechberger, S. Spatari, D. Vexler, Multilevel Cycle of Anthropogenic Copper Environmental Science & Technology. ,vol. 38, pp. 1242- 1252 ,(2004) , 10.1021/ES030433C