Desalination at overlimiting currents: State-of-the-art and perspectives

摘要: Abstract For about 60 years, it is known that “limiting current” density does not really limit the current in electrodialysis (ED). The use of intensive currents allows one to decrease area expensive ion-exchange membranes, hence obtain more compact ED plants with lower investment costs. However, practice overlimiting are applied solely electrodeionization, and conventional devices. In literature (H. Strathmann [1]), operation considered as being under ongoing research development. Where today? What actual understanding mass transfer processes membrane systems? As far electroconvection involved a major mechanism transfer, what could bring specific knowledge acquired nano- microfluidics into desalination? Can be economically advantageous? Is there an alternative for classical devices applied? This review intended give some responses these questions.