作者: Philip T. Cagle
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3197-8_2
关键词: Risk factor 、 Cancer 、 Internal medicine 、 Population 、 Oncology 、 Tobacco smoke 、 Pneumonia 、 Lung 、 Lung cancer 、 Medicine 、 COPD
摘要: Lung cancer is the number one cause of deaths in US population and global population. Approximately 85% lung cancers men 47% women are caused by tobacco smoking globally. Although is, far, major risk factor for cancer, only about 10% smokers develop indicating that other factors also play a role development tobacco-exposed individuals. Among smokers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) far greatest cancer. majority smoking, significant never representing 15% 53% These include family history/heritable factors, environmental smoke (secondhand smoke), exposure to certain cooking fumes (particularly among Chinese women), occupational exposures (radon, asbestos, arsenic, pollutants, etc.), hormonal preexisting (including pneumonia tuberculosis), dietary vitamin D levels), human immunodeficiency virus infection, papilloma ionizing radiation.