Systemic chemotherapy for patients with bladder cancer - current controversies and future directions

摘要: Many localised, superficial bladder cancers can be effectively controlled. However, disease which has spread to nodes outside the pelvis or distant organs is generally incurable and systemic therapies, rather than surgery, are appropriate. Combination chemotherapy based around established cytotoxic drugs such as cisplatin proven benefit in palliating symptoms prolonging survival responsive patients with advanced disease. chemotherapies include newer gemcitabine provide potential for equivalent efficacy less toxicity regimens. Between extremes of disease, muscle-invasive have traditionally been treated, curative intent, by radical surgery radiotherapy. newly published data suggest, first time, genuine benefits from peri-operative chemotherapy. This article reviews evidence cisplatin-based assesses drugs, discusses latest pertaining looks forward new biological agents therapy cancer.