Challenges and innovations for improving the sustainability of European agroforestry systems of high nature and cultural value: stakeholder perspectives

摘要: Traditional forms of agroforestry are often recognized as exemplar systems that successfully integrate food production, biodiversity conservation and high cultural values. However many traditional in Europe decline or threatened the perspectives local stakeholders on management, socio-economic, environmental dimensions such not fully understood. To fill this gap, we present results participatory research performed with ten stakeholder groups (SG) across to search for solutions improve economic ecological sustainability High Nature Cultural Value (HNCV agroforestry). Stakeholders included both users beneficiaries HNCV agroforestry. First, SGs held open discussions (227 participants) identify major challenges long-term Challenges were classified into socio-economic environment categories. Second, they responded structured questionnaires (120 respondents) explored positive negative perceptions 45 possible attributes Third, innovative identified by individual group address four categories challenge. mostly management categories, but several concerning production also pinpointed. Besides, matched poorly identified, and, while at some extent common countries, them more case-specific. The successful implementation these requires an in-depth understanding diversity socio-cultural natural contexts building bottom-up proposals collective actions based understanding. would be benefited providing farmers managers a financial advantage from nature value systems.