A monolithic step-down SC power converter with frequency-programmable subthreshold z-domain DPWM control for ultra-low power microsystems

作者: Ling Su , Dongsheng Ma , A. Paul Brokaw

DOI: 10.1109/ESSCIRC.2008.4681791

关键词: CapacitorLow-power electronicsEngineeringElectronic engineeringCharge pumpCMOSPulse-width modulationControl theoryElectrical engineeringPulse-frequency modulationSubthreshold conduction

摘要: This paper presents a fully integrated switched-capacitor (SC) power converter for ultra-low microsystems. The design features an efficient step-down charge pump and frequency-programmable digital feedback controller. controller is designed in the subthreshold region to reduce dissipation significantly. It employs programmable switching frequency pulse-width modulation (DPWM) maintain high efficiency under various loading scenarios, without causing random noise spectrum as pulse-frequency (PFM). monolithic implementation effectively suppresses noises glitches introduced by parasitic components from traditional bonding, packaging PCB wiring. test prototype was fabricated with 0.35-mum CMOS N-well process. supplies variable output 0.8 1.5 V 400 muW 7.5 mW precisely, ranging 200 KHz 1 MHz. achieves 66.7% of only 147.5 muW.

参考文章(9)
Dragan Maksimovic, Robert Warren Erickson, Fundamentals of Power Electronics ,(1997)
Yogesh K. Ramadass, Anantha P. Chandrakasan, Minimum Energy Tracking Loop with Embedded DC-DC Converter Delivering Voltages down to 250mV in 65nm CMOS international solid-state circuits conference. pp. 64- 587 ,(2007) , 10.1109/ISSCC.2007.373589
Wing-Hung Ki, Signal flow graph in loop gain analysis of DC-DC PWM CCM switching converters IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I-regular Papers. ,vol. 45, pp. 644- 655 ,(1998) , 10.1109/81.678481
J.M. Rabaey, J. Ammer, T. Karalar, Suetfei Li, B. Otis, M. Sheets, T. Tuan, Picoradics for wireless sensor networks: the next challenge in ultra-low-power design international solid-state circuits conference. ,vol. 1, pp. 200- 201 ,(2002) , 10.1109/ISSCC.2002.993005
T.D. Burd, T.A. Pering, A.J. Stratakos, R.W. Brodersen, A dynamic voltage scaled microprocessor system international solid-state circuits conference. ,vol. 35, pp. 1571- 1580 ,(2000) , 10.1109/4.881202
Nizar Lajnef, Shantanu Chakrabartty, Niell Elvin, Alex Elvin, Piezo-powered floating gate injector for self-powered fatigue monitoring in biomechanical implants international symposium on circuits and systems. pp. 89- 92 ,(2007) , 10.1109/ISCAS.2007.378189
Jian Sun, D.M. Mitchell, M.F. Greuel, P.T. Krein, R.M. Bass, Averaged modeling of PWM converters operating in discontinuous conduction mode IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. ,vol. 16, pp. 482- 492 ,(2001) , 10.1109/63.931052
R. D. MIDDLEBROOK, SLOBODAN ĆUK, A general unified approach to modelling switching-converter power stages International Journal of Electronics. ,vol. 42, pp. 521- 550 ,(1977) , 10.1080/00207217708900678