Sphingomyelin in high-density lipoproteins: structural role and biological function.

摘要: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels are an inverse risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and sphingomyelin (SM) is the second most abundant phospholipid component major sphingolipid in HDL. Considering marked presence of SM, present review has focused on current knowledge about this by addressing its variable distribution among HDL lipoparticles, how they acquire phospholipid, important role that SM plays regulating their fluidity cholesterol efflux from different cells. In addition, plasma enzymes involved metabolism such as lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase or transfer protein inhibited content. Likewise, influenced dietary maneuvers (source fat), drugs (statins diuretics) modified diseases diabetes, renal failure Niemann–Pick disease. Furthermore, increased have been shown to be coronary heart The complexity species, described using new lipidomic methodologies, particles under many experimental conditions promising avenues further research future.