Neuronal Activity Promotes Oligodendrogenesis and Adaptive Myelination in the Mammalian Brain

摘要: Myelination of the central nervous system requires generation functionally mature oligodendrocytes from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Electrically active neurons may influence OPC function and selectively instruct myelination an neural circuit. In this work, we use optogenetic stimulation premotor cortex in awake, behaving mice to demonstrate that neuronal activity elicits a mitogenic response progenitor OPCs, promotes oligodendrogenesis, increases within deep layers subcortical white matter. We further show activity-regulated oligodendrogenesis is associated with improved motor corresponding limb. Oligodendrogenesis appear necessary for observed functional improvement, as epigenetic blockade differentiation myelin changes prevents behavioral improvement.