Low-calorie sweeteners and body weight and composition: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies

摘要: Background: Replacement of caloric sweeteners with lower- or no-calorie alternatives may facilitate weight loss maintenance by helping to reduce energy intake; however, past research examining low-calorie (LCSs) and body has produced mixed results. Objective: The objective was systematically review quantitatively evaluate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) prospective cohort studies, separately, that examined the relation between LCSs composition. Design: A systematic literature search identified 15 RCTs 9 studies from foods beverages consumed as tabletop sweeteners. Meta-analyses generated weighted mean differences in composition values LCS control groups among correlations for intake these parameters studies. Results: In RCTs, modestly but significantly reduced all outcomes examined, including (−0.80 kg; 95% CI: −1.17, −0.43), mass index [BMI (in kg/m2): −0.24; −0.41, −0.07], fat (−1.10 −1.77, −0.44), waist circumference (−0.83 cm; −1.29, −0.37). Among not associated mass, slightly higher BMI (0.03; 0.01, 0.06). Conclusions: current meta-analysis provides a rigorous evaluation scientific evidence on composition. Findings observational showed no association small positive BMI; data which provide highest quality potentially causal effects intake, indicate substituting options their regular-calorie versions results modest be useful dietary tool improve compliance plans.