More than Mere Numbers: The Impact of Lethal Control on the Social Stability of a Top-Order Predator

摘要: Population control of socially complex species may have profound ecological implications that remain largely invisible if only their abundance is considered. Here we discuss the effects on a top-order predator, dingo (Canis lupus dingo). Since European occupation Australia, dingoes been controlled over much continent. Our aim was to investigate and social stability. We hypothesized stability are not linearly related, proposed theoretical model in which populations fluctuate between three main states: (A) below carrying capacity fractured, (B) above or (C) at stable. predicted lethal would drive into unstable states A B, relaxation allow recovery towards C. tested our predictions by surveying relative (track density) indicators (scent-marking howling) seven sites arid zone subject differing degrees control. also monitored changes following intensification Sites where had within previous two years were characterized low scent-marking activity, but similar with without Signs steadily increased longer an area allowed recover from control, change did follow consistent path. Comparison among all demonstrated severely fractures groups, effect neither nor predictable. Management decisions involving large predators must therefore consider ensure conservation functioning.