Formation of Exotic Hydrogen Atoms

摘要: Formation of exotic hydrogen atoms has been studied theoretically for 40 years.1 However, most the work prior to 1980 utilized perturbative or two-state approximations that are now known be inadequate because slow ionizing collisions, which lead muon capture, entail strong coupling many intermediate states. Ironically very first study, by Wightman2 in 1950, common with modern treatments. His method, as adiabatic ionization (AI), followed from observation Fermi and Teller3 there exists a critical strength dipole, formed projectile negative target proton μ-, binding electron. In collisions where μ- adiabatically approaches closer than this distance, electron escapes and, if is left energy, p- atom formed. The serious failures simple model stem trajectory deflection nonadiabatic lag motion deviation straight-line easily taken into account. Nonadiabatic effects have included sequence methods increasing sophistication: diabatic states (DS),4 classical-trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC), 5 time-dependent Hartree Fock (TDHF), 6 classical-quanta! (CQC).7 DS CTMC also used calculate slowing-down cross sections. Consistent calculation capture sections crucial correct determination distributions medium.8