作者: Richard Angelo , Alberto de Castro Pochini , Carlos Vicente Andreoli , Benno Ejnisman
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-46370-3_3
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摘要: Primary frozen shoulder is considered a diagnosis for all cases which an underlying etiology or associated condition cannot be identified. The secondary types of include the that can identified as diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, hypoadrenalism, previous ipsilateral breast surgery, cervical radiculopathy chest wall tumor, cerebrovascular accident, more local extrinsic problems, including humeral shaft fracture, scapulothoracic abnormalities, acromioclavicular arthritis, clavicle fracture.