Novel approaches to the treatment of cocaine addiction

摘要: Cocaine addiction continues to be an important public health problem with over 1.7 million users in the US alone. Although there are no approved pharmacotherapies for cocaine addiction, a number of medications have been tested some promising results. In this review, we summarise emerging targets pharmacotherapy including dopaminergic and GABA medications, adrenoceptor antagonists, vasodilators immunotherapies. The brain dopamine system plays significant role mediating rewarding effects cocaine. Among agents pharmacotherapy, disulfiram has decreased use studies. Amantadine, another medication effects, may also effective high withdrawal severity. is main inhibitory neurotransmitter brain, accumulating evidence suggests that modulates effects. Two anticonvulsant GABAergic tiagabine topiramate, yielded positive findings clinical trials. Baclofen, GABAb receptor agonist, promising, especially those more severe use. Some physiological behavioural mediated by activation adrenergic system. users, propranolol, β-adrenoceptor antagonist, had individuals symptoms. Cerebral potential target pharmacotherapy. reduced cerebral blood flow cortical perfusion deficits. Treatment amiloride or isradipine abnormalities found cocaineusers. functional significance these improvements needs further investigated. All proposed act on neural pathways. contrast, immunotherapies based blockade peripherally, as result, prevent at least slow entry into brain. A vaccine treatment addiction. efficacy relapse prevention under investigation. Many initial need replicated larger, controlled