Developmental patterning of the myocardium.

摘要: The heart in higher vertebrates develops from a simple tube into complex organ with four chambers specialized for efficient pumping at pressure. During this period, there is concomitant change the level of myocardial organization. One important event emergence trabeculations luminal layers ventricles, feature which enables myocardium to increase its mass absence any discrete coronary circulation. In subsequent development, trabecular layer becomes solidified deeper part, thus increasing compact component ventricular myocardium. remaining adjacent lumen retains trabeculations, patterns are both ventricle- and species-specific. ontogenesis, initially only few cells thick, but gradually multilayered spiral architecture. A similar process can be charted atrial myocardium, where become pectinate muscles. Their extent then provides best guide distinguishing intrinsically morphologically right left atrium. We review variations these processes during development human hearts commonly used laboratory species (chick, mouse, rat). Comparison lower also provided. Despite some variations, such as final pattern papillary or muscles, observe same biomechanical rules, share many common points. functional importance organization demonstrated by lethality mouse mutants perturbed conclude that experimental studies uncovering rules assembly relevant full understanding heart.