Exposure assessment of carcass disposal options in the event of a notifiable exotic animal disease: application to avian influenza virus.

摘要: We present a generalized exposure assessment of 28 disposal options for poultry carcasses in the event highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreak. The analysis supports hereto unverified hierarchy animal carcasses, placing waste processing (e.g., incineration and rendering) above controlled landfill), uncontrolled burial on-farm). illustrate that early stages chain (on-farm) pose greater opportunities to hazardous agents than later stages, where are generally contained, wastes treated, residues managed by regulated processes. In selecting carcass options, practitioners advised consider full range hazards rather focusing solely on HPAI agent, give preference technologies (i) offer high destruction efficiencies target pathogens; (ii) do not rise significant releases other organisms; (iii) release unacceptable concentrations toxic chemicals. approach offers an perspective disposal, thus providing risk-informed basis contingency planning operational intervention. authors recognize relevant legislation, public perception, available capacity, cost also need be considered when HPAI.