Prevalence and Source of Fecal and Oral Bacteria on Infant, Child, and Adult Hands.

摘要: ABSTRACT Modern hygienic practices are applied to avoid exposure pathogens that spread via fecal-oral transmission. Despite this, the gastrointestinal tract is quickly colonized by fecal microbes. The hands an important vector for transmission of microbes, but frequency at which and oral microbes exist on source those have not been extensively described. Using data from a previous study characterized fecal, oral, skin microbiota 73 families, we found significant incidence hands. Of palms, 48.9% had signal 67.2% signal. Fecal, forehead were tracked family members individual’s own palms far more often than unrelated individuals showed relationships with age, gender, parental status. For instance, specifically sourced same individual (oneself) most common infant palms; mothers infant-child-sourced oral-sourced their nonparents. Fecal individuals, other oneself. This supports transfer within families. IMPORTANCE Bacteria live all around us, constantly exposed them during our everyday lives. standards hygiene aim limit bacteria, yet bacteria rapidly colonize gut in early life following antibacterial treatment. Exposures provide risk disease, also necessary since commensal play roles health. work establishes both origins commonly It uniqueness bacterial communities across people can allow determination likely whom came. These techniques understanding as microbial families populations, has implications public