Decarbonizing global power supply under region-specific consideration of challenges and options of integrating variable renewables in the REMIND model

摘要: Abstract We present two advances in representing variable renewables (VRE) global energy-economy-climate models: accounting for region-specific integration challenges eight world regions and considering short-term storage. Both refine the approach of implementing residual load duration curves (RLDCs) to capture challenges. In this paper we derive RLDCs (based on time series load, wind solar) implement them into REMIND model. Therein parameterize impact storage using highly-resolved model DIMES. All underlying VRE are made available research community. find that more accurate does not reduce prominent role solar scenarios cost-efficiently achieve 2 °C target. Until 2030, shares increase about 15–40% most with limited deployment capacities (below 2% peak load). The model's default assumption large-scale transmission grid expansion allows smoothening variability such capacity credits moderate curtailment is low. long run, become backbone electricity supply provide than 70% demand from 2070 on. Integration options ease transformation: diurnal seasonal scales (via flow batteries hydrogen electrolysis) a shift non-VRE mix baseload towards peaking power plants. refined RLDC consideration system-level impacts VRE, hence robust insights nature sector decarbonization related economic impacts.