Smoking is associated with lower age, higher grade, higher stage, and larger size of malignant bladder tumors at diagnosis

摘要: Smoking is a strong risk factor of bladder cancer (BC), but it currently unclear whether smoking also associated with severity BC at diagnosis. We performed large hospital-based case-comparison study, examining the relation between and clinical characteristics A total 1,544 cases from participating hospitals in West Midlands were recruited 19 December 2005 21 April 2011. Eligible adult patients without previous history this disease. At time diagnosis, semi-structured face-to-face interviews conducted by trained research nurses to collect information. Clinical obtained medical records. Linear mixed models calculate predicted means outcomes for variety behaviors. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. After adjustment age gender, current smokers on average 4.0 years younger diagnosis (95% CI: -5.9 -2.0), had larger tumors (mean difference: 0.48 cm, 95% 0.04-0.91), higher T stage 0.25, 0.08-0.41), borderline significantly grade than never 0.15, 0.00-0.30). Our results suggest that could be more malignant phenotype More needed prognosis, our strengthen message about potential risks these patients.