The Political Economy of Cross-Scale Networks in Resource Co- Management

摘要: We investigate linkages between stakeholders in resource management that occur at different spatial and institutional levels identify the winners losers such interactions. So-called cross- scale interactions emerge because of benefits to individual stakeholder groups undertaking them or high costs not them. Hence there are uneven gains from cross-scale themselves an integral part social-ecological system governance. The political economy framework outlined here suggests determinants emergence exercise relative power their accessing creating linkages. Cross-scale by powerful have potential undermine trust arrangements. If government regulators, for example, mobilize information resources cross-level reinforce authority, this often disempowers other as users. Offsetting impacts, some can be empowering local level user social capital. These issues illustrated with observations on a marine protected area Tobago Caribbean. case study demonstrates structure interplay, terms losers, determines its contribution resilience systems.