Fatal pneumonia and viremia due to human parainfluenza virus type 1 in a patient with adult T-cell leukemia–lymphoma treated with mogamulizumab

摘要: We report a case of fatal pneumonia and viremia due to human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HPIV-1) in 65-year-old male patient with adult T-cell leukemiaelymphoma (ATL) treated mogamulizumab, brand-new therapeutic agent for ATL. To our knowledge, this is the first describing HPIV-1. After administering lymphocyte count blood was drastically decreased suffered from complicated infections including gram-negative bacterial sepsis, cytomegalovirus antigenemia aspergillosis. Although these were successfully controlled by broad spectrum antimicrobial therapy, patchy ground-grass opacities both lungs gradually worsened. He finally died acute respiratory failure. Since findings chest CT consistent typical patterns viral pneumonia, we screened major viruses peripheral multiplex PCR, it turned out that RNA HPIV-1 positive. ATL cells not detected autopsied variety other tissues, cytoplasmic inclusion bodies, which are commonly observed infection, abundantly lung tissue. These suggest mogamulizumab accomplished complete remission ATL, while chemotherapy-induced prolonged lymphopenia caused As has been well recognized community often cause patients leukemia, but also there no specific treatment HPIV-1, have enforce standard precautions especially when treat leukemic intensively immunosuppressive agents such as mogamulizumab. © 2015, Japanese Society Chemotherapy The Association Infectious Diseases.