作者: Cristina I. Cann , Marvin P. Fried , Kenneth J. Rothman
DOI: 10.1016/S0030-6665(20)31838-7
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摘要: Epidemiologic investigations have been instrumental in identifying numerous factors associated with the development of cancer. Tobacco and alcohol are unquestionably major risk for squamous cell carcinoma head neck region. Diet appears to play a role these cancers, as nutritional deficiencies found increase risk. Clinical observation epidemiologic studies also identified ionizing radiation an unequivocal factor, although lesser importance from public health point view. Overall, evidence shows that occupational exposures minor, though definite, For sinonasal cancer, however, corroborate determinants disease.