A Compendium of Preparation and Application of Stem Cells in Parkinson's Disease: Current Status and Future Prospects

摘要: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressively neurodegenerative disorder, implicitly characterized by stepwise loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and explicitly marked bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor postural instability. Currently, therapeutic approaches available are mainly palliative strategies, including L-3,4-dihydroxy-phenylalanine (L-DOPA) replacement therapy, DA receptor agonist deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedures. As disease proceeds, however, pharmacotherapeutic efficacy inevitably worn off, worse still, implicated side effects motor response oscillations as well L-DOPA induced dyskinesia (LID). Therefore, frustrating status above has propeled shift to cell therapy (CRT), promising restorative intending secure long-lasting relief patients' symptoms. By far, stem lines multifarious origins have been established, which can be further categorized into embryonic cells (ESCs), neural (NSCs), (iNSCs), mesenchymal (MSCs), pluripotent (iPSCs). In this review, we intend present compendium preparation application cells, especially relation PD research therapy. addition, current status, potential challenges future prospects for practical CRT patients will elaborated well.