Challenges in metal recycling.

摘要: Metals are infinitely recyclable in principle, but practice, recycling is often inefficient or essentially nonexistent because of limits imposed by social behavior, product design, technologies, and the thermodynamics separation. We review these topics, distinguishing among common, specialty, precious metals. The most beneficial actions that could improve rates increased collection discarded products, improved design for recycling, enhanced deployment modern methodology. As a global society, we currently far away from closed-loop material system. Much improvement possible, limitations many kinds--not all them technological--will preclude complete closure materials cycle.