A genotype-phenotype association approach to reveal thermal adaptation in Daphnia galeata.

摘要: Altering thermal environments impose strong selection pressures on organisms, whose local persistence depends adaptive phenotypic plastic and genetic responses. Thus far, change is monitored using shifts or molecular markers, although inevitable obstacles are inherent in both methods. In order to circumvent these, it necessary find a causal link between alleles fitness. Combining approaches by linking analyses life-history measurements, potential genotype-phenotype relationship can be assessed adaptation at the level demonstrated. For our study, clonal lineages of freshwater keystone species D. galeata from seven different populations distributed along latitudinal gradient across Europe were tested for common garden experiments. Fitness-related responses quantified under regimes experimental clones genotyped three candidate gene marker loci investigate association. The data showed significant temperature effect several fitness-related traits recorded However, we could not detect evidence direct association neither locus genotypes traits. observed might therefore based EA, M TF, general coding sequence-based thus rather reveal plasticity response variation. Nonetheless, revealed genotype environment (GxE) interactions all loci, potentially reflecting contribution certain trait values multiple