Density dependence and phenological mismatch: consequences for growth and survival of sub-arctic nesting Canada Geese

作者: RW Brook , JO Leafloor , KF Abraham , DC Douglas , RW Brook

DOI: 10.5751/ACE-00708-100101

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摘要: The extent to which species are plastic in the timing of their reproductive events relative phenology suggests how climate change might affect demography. An ecological mismatch between hatch for avian and peak availability quality quantity forage rapidly growing offspring ultimately recruitment breeding population unless individuals can adjust adapt changing phenology. We evaluated effects goose density, plant phenology, weather indices on annual growth pre-fledging Canada geese (Branta canadensis) from 1993-2010 at Akimiski Island, Nunavut. found both density phenology; earlier that eggs hatched larger mean gosling size near fledging. Goslings were smallest years when was latest local abundance adults highest. no evidence a trend timing, but it apparent early springs, tended later vegetation suggesting not always able nesting as advanced. Analyses using biomass information revealed positive relationship per capita availability, causal mechanism effect. parameters explained additional variation size, although total June July rainfall had small additive effect size. Modelling firstyear survival probability an covariate relationship, reduced negatively impacts recruitment. Dependance la densite et desynchronisation phenologique : consequences sur croissance survie des Bernaches du nichant en milieu subarctique RESUME. Le degre de plasticite que montrent les especes dans chronologie leurs activites reproduction fonction phenologie nous apprend facon avec laquelle changements climatiques pourraient affecter leur demographie. Un decalage entre periode d'eclosion oiseaux le pic disponibilite ressources alimentaires, tant quantite qu'en qualite, pour jeunes croissance, peut ultimement perturber recrutement nicheuse, moins individus ne soient capables synchroniser changeante. Nous avons evalue effets bernaches, relativement plantes recherchees l'alimentation, parametres meteorologiques annuelle avant premier envol, 1993 2010, l'ile au observe plantes; plus !ufs eclosaient tot plantes, taille moyenne oisons moment envol etait grande. La petite annees ou l'eclosion tardive nombre d'adultes eleve localement. Aucune tendance n'a ete observee, mais il evident presence d'un printemps hâtif, avaient eclore tard par rapport ce qui laissait croire bernaches n'etaient pas toujours d'ajuster rapidement cas devancee. L'analyse donnees relatives biomasse mis jour l'existence d'une relation individu, donne penser qu'un mecanisme existe quant l'effet bernaches. Les ont permis d'expliquer une partie additionnelle variabilite oisons, quoique precipitations totales juin juillet eu un leger effet positif oisons. modelisation probabilite cours premiere annee, effectuee utilisant comme covariable annuelle, revele positive, semble indiquer qu'une reduite negatif recrutement.

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