Electrostatics and biological systems

摘要: The understanding of electrostatics including interactions ions with the surfaces proteins is not far advanced. There are two major problems — mobility surface and difficulty handling electrostatic in water. First this article analyses ion-association It begins a consideration small molecule/small molecule (anion/ cation) binding observing that we only able to proceed an empirical way despite much theoretical analysis. constraints due knowing how charged match one another shape water screens interactions. description ion polyelectrolytes shown suffer from same problems, they intensified when examine or three dimensional interacting ions. Empirically, through analysis experimental observations, begin see need energy dynamic patches mosaics charge hydrophobic areas order understand other another. This very difficult task. probably problem as cell/cell interaction.