Hepatocellular carcinoma: making sense of morphological heterogeneity, growth patterns, and subtypes.

摘要: Summary Hepatocellular carcinomas are not a homogenous group of tumors but have multiple layers heterogeneity. This heterogeneity has been studied for many years with the goal to individualize care patients and led identification numerous hepatocellular carcinoma subtypes, defined by morphology or molecular methods. article reviews both gross histological levels within carcinoma, focus on findings, reviewing how different used as building blocks construct morphological subtypes. The current best practice defining subtype is outlined. Then, definition thirteen distinct subtypes reviewed. For each these unresolved issues regarding their definitions highlighted, including recommendations problematic areas. Finally, three methods improving research proposed: (1) Use systemic, rigorous approach carcinoma subtypes (four-point model); (2) Once established, it should be followed in studies, this common denominator enhances ability compare results between studies; (3) Studies will more effective when synergistic iterative study designs where one refine sharpen other. These related efforts better understand most promising avenue patient individualizing care.