A novel hands-free carotid ultrasound detects low-flow cardiac output in a swine model of pulseless electrical activity arrest.

摘要: Abstract Objective To determine if a hands-free, noninvasive Doppler ultrasound device can reliably detect low-flow cardiac output by measuring carotid artery blood flow velocities. We compared the ability of observers to velocity differences between pseudo-pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and true-PEA arrest. Methods Five swine were instrumented with aortic (Ao) right atrial pressure-transducing catheters. The was adhered neck over artery. Continuous electrocardiogram, pressure readings, signal recorded. Each underwent multiple episodes fibrillation resuscitation. Episodes pseudo-PEA retrospectively identified from all resuscitation attempts examination electrocardiogram Ao waveforms. sensitivity specificity obtained using blinded waveform recordings. Results There good interobserver reliability related identification pseudo- ( κ = 0.873). recordings agreed on 8 9 pseudo-PEA, whereas 4 false positives 26 events reported (sensitivity, 0.89; specificity, 0.85). able wide range pressures. Conclusions This differentiate during arrest, detecting gradient changes less than 5 mm Hg through normotension. distinguishes conditions no low may have applications for use various etiologies arrest shock.