Genetiska och epigenetiska samband mellan näringsförsörjning och fertilitet hos mjölkkor

摘要: The dairy cow’s ability to resume estrus after calving and conceive is affected by their metabolic status calving. For high yielding cows there a risk that the feed intake will not be sufficient cope with increased energy demands calving, cow end up in state of negative balance. Energy balance can measured various ways, for example body condition score or plasma concentration several hormones metabolites. After endocrine pathways stimulate tissue mobilization; insulin signaling blocked, insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) leptin decreases, hormone (GH) increases. This leads an increase metabolites, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) urea. All these parameters have been negatively associated fertility traits, probably used as indirect selection criteria breeding programs. Research has also shown certain genes, metabolism, are epigenetically regulated. Epigenetics explains variations gene expression originates from DNA sequence, which implies better knowledge epigenetic regulation on traits could explain large part genetic variation currently unknown. genetics still only partially investigated require further study order practically applied breeding.