Scientific Bases of Macroenvironmental Indicators

摘要: We review the development of macroenvironmental indicators, an effort driven by a combination improved understanding functioning Earth's natural systems at large spatial and temporal scales increasing demands expanding human population for goods services provided ecosystems. To be credible, indicators need to based on established scientific concepts supported extensive data. adopted, they serve interests diverse stakeholders perceived as unbiased. The baselines against which are evaluated must clear. A modest number macroindicators abiotic capital, biotic ecological currently in use. Some them designed report trends legislatively mandated goals standards. Most environmental however, specific components environment small scales. They not readily aggregated form synthetic indicators.