Cancer Genomics: Diversity and Disparity Across Ethnicity and Geography
作者： Daniel S.W. Tan , Tony S.K. Mok , Timothy R. Rebbeck
关键词:
摘要: Ethnic and geographic differences in cancer incidence, prognosis, treatment outcomes can be attributed to diversity the inherited (germline) somatic genome. Although international large-scale sequencing efforts are beginning unravel genomic underpinnings of traits, much remains known about underlying mechanisms determinants diversity. Carcinogenesis is a dynamic, complex phenomenon representing interplay between genetic environmental factors that results divergent phenotypes across ethnicities geography. For example, compared with whites, there higher incidence prostate among Africans African Americans, disease generally more aggressive fatal. Genome-wide association studies have identified germline susceptibility loci may account for non-African patients, but lack availability appropriate cohorts replication incomplete understanding architecture populations pose major limitations. We further discuss transformative potential routine diagnostic evaluation actionable alterations, using lung as an highlighting implications population disparities, current hurdles implementation, far-reaching clinical genomics enhancing prevention, diagnosis, treatment. As we enter era precision medicine, concerted multinational effort key addressing well overcoming barriers geographical disparities research health care delivery.
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